There is a version of the housing market story that gets told over and over, and it goes like this: prices are high, rates are high, nothing is affordable, and the only people buying are the ones with cash. That version is not wrong, exactly. It is just incomplete.
The arithmetic here is brutal and worth understanding clearly. A buyer who financed a $400,000 home at three percent in 2021 pays roughly $1,686 per month on principal and interest. That same loan at a seven percent rate costs $2,661. That gap of nearly a thousand dollars a month is why transaction volume has fallen to levels not seen in decades. Volume collapsed. Prices mostly did not.
Affordability, by the standard measure of what share of median household income goes toward the monthly payment on a median-priced home, is near its worst level since the early 1980s. That is a real problem, and it is not going away quickly. But affordability being stretched does not mean prices are about to fall sharply. What it means, practically, is that the buyer who can close confidently has more leverage than the headline numbers suggest.
Before you look at a single listing, get your financing fully sorted. Not a rough estimate. Not a verbal confirmation from a loan officer you met once. A full pre-approval based on verified income, tax returns, bank statements, and a hard credit pull. Any agent worth working with will tell you the same thing: no pre-approval, no offer.
If the report surfaces problems that go well beyond normal wear and tear, you have real choices, and walking away is a legitimate one of them. You can walk away if the scope of the problems makes the agreed price no longer reasonable. What you should not do is panic and waive your right to negotiate.
Budget between two and five percent depending on your loan type and the state you are buying in. First-time buyers often do not see the full closing cost picture until the Closing Disclosure arrives three days before settlement. Ask your lender for a Loan Estimate before you make any offers, so you can plan your cash position accurately.
Real estate is illiquid. If there is a reasonable chance you will need to move in two years, renting is the financially rational choice. None of that means do not buy. It means be honest about your time horizon before you commit.
Buyers who take the time to prepare before they start looking tend to find that there are still good properties available at realistic prices. Current property listings and market tools at real estate listings and data are worth bookmarking before you make any major moves.
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